The apocryphal: prototype of a subjectivity in crisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2013.15Keywords:
Subject, Crisis of the subject, Apocryphal, Pessoa, Machado, Max Aub, Luis Álvarez Petreña, Jusep Torres Campalans, Luis BuñuelAbstract
The introduction of this paper reviews the concept of the subject, which originated in classical antiquity and developed in Western culture up to the Enlightenment and Romanticism with the addition of new aspects but without questioning its foundation as a substantial Subject. The first major crisis of this received view took place in the first quarter of the twentieth century after the assimilation of the works by Marx, Freud or Nietzsche, which laid the foundations of a thorough criticism on the subject. One important feature of this crisis was the proliferation of apocryphal writing, which reached new models in the works of Fernando Pessoa and Antonio Machado. Between them lies the scope of the intensive and extensive collection of Max Aub’s apocryphal writings. This paper explores the significance of his main apocryphal characters Luis Álvarez Torres Petreña and Jusep Torres Campalans, as well as of the borderline case of Luis Buñuel, which was handled by Max Aub as an apocryphal of opposite sign.
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