From biomechanism to biotechnologism in the Spanish enlightned biomedicine

Abstract

Because of the Enligtenment Spain was coming into modernity and european revolutionary progress. The biophysicians were the first scientific community that spread scientific modernity. From through XVIII century they built a theoretical no-reductionistic biology, because the medicine didn't progress in a linear manner, but by rivals and antagonistic theories. The epistemological progress can perform through the baconian analogy of the philosopher spider or racionalist, ant or accumulator and bee or productor. The biomechanicism is the spider model that was introducting during the first middle of the XVIII century; model that biophysicians had neccesary and sufficient to explain every animal activity. With the bioempirism or ant model the biophysicians from 1740 to 1770 tried to perform useful experiments for the society, by example the cure of the siknees. This epistemological progress brought many biomedical concepts how irritability, generation, regeneration, organization, autoregulation. At last, in the last decades of XVIII century and the first decades of XIX century some physicians associated the technological with the experimental model; of that simbiotic association grew up the biotechnologism or bee model. This model represents the productivity, by example the antivariolic vaccine.