The tenet ‘pneûma’ in the Anonymus Londinensis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2014.22Keywords:
homonymy, Aristotle, Menon, Anonymus Londinensis, Soranus of Ephesus, Methodism, pneûma, phŷsa, Hippocrates, Empedocles, poral respirationAbstract
This article has chiefly to do with a Greek concept especially subject to overlap in meaning: pneûma. Translated into Latin as ‘spiritus’, pneûma is a unique term doubtlessly accounting for the handful of ideas grounding Western tradition. Pneûma’s former significations look to be substantially different to the major one with which the term has come down and stands for the time being. Hence, it seems worthwhile enquiring into its origins in ancient scientific literature. In order to do so, the papyrus called Anonymus Londinensis, a master piece in the History of Medicine, will be examined and put alongside Aristotle’s biological views. Attention is therefore focused on the occurrences of pneûma in the papyrus, its different meanings when contrasted to cognate terms like ‘phŷsa’ or ‘air’, as well as the special way that very term may have displayed by the different physicians reported in the document.
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