La genética contemporánea entre moléculas y cuerpos: un ensayo historiográfico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2025.1432Palabras clave:
Herencia biológica, Biología molecular, Discriminación, Cromosomas, genetizaciónResumen
Esta revisión historiográfica ofrece una reflexión que sitúa los sucesivos momentos político-epistémicos en los que se han construido los trabajos, los estudios y el pensamiento sobre historia de la genética. Se defiende que la historia de la genética molecular (o biología molecular), como la genetización de la biología, surge con los resultados cautivadores y prometedores de los primeros experimentos de ingeniería genética a mediados de la década de 1970 y se expande hasta los estudios críticos de la genómica. Se revisa aquí el esfuerzo historiográfico por comprender la biologización de las diferencias y los prejuicios, que ha buscado en moléculas y cromosomas justificaciones de las prácticas culturales y sociales del racismo, el clasismo y contra la diversidad de género y las capacidades intelectuales y físicas. La deuda con las pensadoras críticas de la biología y de sus sesgos de género y étnico-racionales es enorme.
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