La revisión emocional del encuentro médico-terapéutico en M. Balint, P. Freeling y K. Browne (1957-1967)

Pilar León Sanz

doi:10.3989/asclepio.2023.04

Autores/as

Pilar León Sanz Universidad de Navarra https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-6101

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2023.04

Palabras clave:

Historia de la relación médico-paciente, Historia de las emociones, Medicina psicosomática, Confianza en la relación médica, Medicina siglo XX;, Comunicación profesionales de la salud-pacientes

Resumen

Se analiza la perspectiva emocional de la relación médico-paciente y la confianza propia de esta interrelación, a través de publicaciones y relatos médicos de Michael Balint, Kevin Browne y Paul Freeling, aparecidos en la década de 1960. Balint promovió en la clínica Tavistock (Londres) los llamados ‘Grupos Balint’ en los que participaron Browne y Freeling. Sus publicaciones se enmarcan en la aproximación psicoanalítica y psicosomática, enfoque que actualizó la consideración de la persona como un todo y mostró el significado de las emociones en la enfermedad. Balint, Browne y Freeling destacaron el carácter terapéutico de la relación médico-paciente y subrayaron la subjetividad y la participación tanto del profesional como del paciente, en el encuentro médico-paciente. El movimiento Balint y en ese marco, la obra de Browne y Freeling, se sumó a otras que llevaron a promover la integración de lo psicológico y el entorno social en la definición de la enfermedad y en la práctica de la medicina de ese tiempo. El artículo pone de manifiesto los contrastes entre las propuestas de Michael Balint y las planteadas por la Escuela Psicosomática norteamericana y otros movimientos de origen psicoanalítico, respecto a la psicogenia y a la relación médico-paciente.

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