Historia de la discapacidad e historia de las emociones: reflexiones sobre Gran Bretaña en el siglo XVIII

David M. Turner

doi:10.3989/asclepio.2016.18

Autores/as

David M. Turner Swansea University. Department of History

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/asclepio.2016.18

Palabras clave:

Discapacidad, Emoción, Lástima, Compasión, Felicidad

Resumen

Tanto la Historia de la Discapacidad como la Historia de las Emociones han crecido de manera significativa como campos de investigación. Sin embargo, a pesar de compartir intereses comunes en relación a la salud, el bienestar y la diferencia ha habido poca interacción entre los investigadores que han trabajado en dichas áreas. Este artículo sugiere, usando como estudio de caso la Gran Bretaña del siglo XVIII, la manera en la que el “giro emocional” de la historia puede arrojar luz sobre la discapacidad en el pasado. En esa época distintas teorías sobre las “pasiones”, los “sentimientos” y los “afectos” fueron usadas para describir las causas de las deficiencias o para proporcionar respuestas adecuadas a las mismas. Aunque éste fue un periodo en el que la discapacidad era normalmente vista como una “desgracia” o como un estado que producía “lástima”, una lectura detallada de un conjunto variado de fuentes que incluye desde textos médicos a periódicos y revistas revela que el grado de “infelicidad” asociado a la discapacidad dependía del momento, el contexto y el significado simbólico de ciertas deficiencias.

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